Announcement Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Idealogy Journal (September 2025) - In progress Thank you for your patience. Vol. 10 No. 2 of the Idealogy Journal (September 2025) will be published shortly. We are currently finalizing the PDF for each article and sincerely apologize for any inconvenience this delay may cause. eISSN: 2550-214X (Online) The journal is concerned with high-level investigations of visual arts, performing arts, arts and humanities (miscellaneous) problems and reports current progress in this field. The journal also encourages contributions from the newly emerging areas from many other inter-disciplinary research areas in which the concept of arts and humanities field. Publication Frequency Biannual Frequency: Twice a year (April and September) Publisher Penerbit UiTM (UiTM Press)
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Enhancing Children’s Learning of Malay Traditional Musical Instruments using Multimedia Elements in Augmented Reality Book
The decline in awareness and appreciation of Malay traditional musical instruments among younger generations in Malaysia presents a pressing cultural concern. Due to limited exposure and a lack of engaging educational resources, many children are unfamiliar with instruments like the gambus, rebana, and marwas. This study aims to investigate how multimedia elements in Augmented Reality (AR) books can enhance children’s learning and appreciation of Malay traditional musical instruments. Using a qualitative content analysis approach, six selected AR books were examined to identify the use and effectiveness of multimedia elements such as text, image, video, audio, and animation. These elements were analyzed based on their contribution to enhancing engagement, motivation, and knowledge retention. The findings revealed that while video was not utilized in any of the selected AR books, all incorporated text, images, and sound effects, with varying degrees of narration and music. A strong emphasis was placed on interactive 3D and animated features, which significantly enriched user experience and learning outcomes. The results support the application of Mayer’s Multimedia Learning Theory, demonstrating that the combination of visual, auditory, and interactive elements in AR books effectively facilitates children’s understanding and enjoyment of traditional content. This study suggests that AR technology offers a promising tool for cultural preservation and recommends further exploration into its integration within formal education systems. Keywords: Traditional Musical Instruments, Multimedia Elements, Augmented Reality Book
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The Study of Iban Traditional Motifs of Sudan’s Ruma Weaving Textile
Iban traditional attire weaving contains a rich history derivative of the cultural identity, beliefs, customs, and traditions of the Iban people. It is considered an important material culture or cultural artifact in Sarawak culture. The social and cultural identity of the Iban people is reflected in their costumes, which symbolize the importance of life via intricate aesthetic ornamentation. The way of living and belief practised by Iban are implicated in the local products, such as the Iban’s textile, which is embedded with design motifs inspired by flora, fauna, and animism The focus of this study is on Iban traditional attire weaving. There were 4 traditional attires used as study material collected from the Sudan Ruma weaving. This study identification of the Iban traditional motif weaving motifs of the weaving motifs of Iban traditional attire by using qualitative methods such as primary and secondary data. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two experts and specialists. The results indicated different categories of motifs that were closely correlated to the Iban people's philosophy, culture, and beliefs. Most of the Iban traditional attire was decorated with numerous repeated motifs. On this basis, it is hoped that this study could serve as a reference concerning the cultural heritage of Iban traditional attire weaving motifs and recommended that further exploration should be carried out concerning weaving motifs of traditional Iban traditional attire in the Iban community. Keywords: Iban, Traditional Attire, Cultural Identity, Weaving, Motif
Feminism in Contemporary Gongbi Painting: Formal Analysis Perspective
This study focuses on the aesthetic characteristics of female artists and the representation of female figures in contemporary Gongbi painting. Traditionally known for its meticulous brushwork and detailed expression, Gongbi painting has undergone a transformation, adapting to modern contexts by integrating contemporary aesthetics, cultural narratives, and individual expression. In recent decades, female artists have played a crucial role in reshaping the genre, infusing it with new meanings and perspectives rooted in gender awareness and personal experience. The existing literature discusses the impact of feminism and the increasing presence of women in the art world, shedding light on how these factors influence both content and style. Scholars such as Kim, Elgammal, and Mazzone argue that formal elements—such as line quality, texture, and color—can be critically analyzed to understand an artwork's aesthetic values. Building on this approach, the present study applies formal analysis to examine the works of nine Chinese female artists, highlighting their contributions to the evolution of contemporary Gongbi painting. Keywords: Gongbi painting, Feminism, Chinese painting, Formal analysis, Female artist
An Exploratory Study on Elements of Video Content Used In Corporate Profile
Finding the essential components of the video content used in corporate profiles is the goal of this exploratory study. The study uses a qualitative research methodology by using content analysis to examine a sample of corporate profile videos from different industries. The study discovers that systematic analysis of existing video content used in corporate profiles by collecting a representative sample of corporate profile videos and examining their elements, such as title, date, length, views, illustration style, element of design, type of video, and principle of motion are the most frequently used video content elements in corporate profiles. The study also identifies by selecting a few organizations with well-executed corporate profile videos and conducting in-depth case studies. Analyze the videos' elements, the organizations' goals, the target audience's reactions, and any available performance metrics. According to the findings, corporate profile videos are crucial in developing identity reputation, and by including elements, the values of the company can be effectively communicated. Keywords: Exploratory Study, Elements of Video, Video Content, Corporate Profil
Content Analysis of 3D Design Elements In Gamified Virtual Reality For Viral Infection Prevention
This study analyzes the content analysis of gamified virtual reality (VR) 3D design aspects for the prevention of viral infection. The primary goal is to study how some visual and interactive features of VR experiences influence the user and enhance learning outcomes in public health. The core issue under discussion is the lack of a clear understanding of which unique design factors influence the user's interaction and the effectiveness of education within gamified VR, particularly in public health education. Nine 3D components are examined in the examination: environment design, 3D models and assets, user interface and feedback systems, character design, physics and motion simulation, sound design, game mechanics, navigation and locomotion systems, and lighting and atmospheric effects. Findings attest that gamified VR applications are effective in public health education and strongly rely on the strategic incorporation of these 3D components. These elements are crucial in facilitating the change of behaviour during viral outbreaks. The research highlights that well-designed VR elements enhance students' immersion and are core in motivating preventive health practices. The study notes the significance of developers ensuring an egalitarian design strategy in aspects of visual realism, interaction dynamics, and user experience to maximize VR potential as a powerful learning interface in the event of an epidemic or pandemic. Future design should further support user agency, intuitive control, and realistic simulation to maximize the educational and behavioural effectiveness of gamified VR. Keywords: Elements of 3D design, Gamification of Virtual Reality, Application of gamification
The Elements of Malaysian Culture Based on Seah Kim Joo Artwork Using Erwin Panofsky’s Theory
Malaysia is renowned for its cultural diversity, which encompasses a wide range of ethnicities, languages, and faiths. Malaysia is acknowledged as a unique nation as a result of its tranquil coexistence among its citizens and its multiracial population. This paper investigates the elements of Malaysian culture through the perspective of Seah Kim Joo's artworks. A qualitative literature review method was employed to gather secondary data on the characteristics and components of culture, as well as the unique cultural traits and influencing factors of Malaysia. Furthermore, this paper will employ Erwin Panofsky's theory to analyse the elements of Malaysian culture which also focused on the meaning rather than only the subject. Erwin Panofsky developed a theory of iconography that comprises three primary levels: Pre-iconographical description, Iconographical analysis, and Iconographical interpretation. The components of culture are categorised into two categories: material culture, which is tangible, and non-material culture, which is intangible. Seah Kim Joo's artworks effectively showcase important cultural elements, highlighting their connection to Malaysian culture. The analysis shows that the two selected artworks include aspects of material culture, such as art, clothing, food, and pastimes, as well as non-material culture, like norms, social structures, and social institutions. These findings indicate that the artworks accurately capture the essence of Malaysian culture, exhibiting their cultural value and authenticity. Keywords: Malaysian Culture, Material Culture, Non-material Culture.
An Analysis Of Interaction Design Features In Virtual Reality Applications
Virtual reality technology has come a long way but many VR systems still struggle to offer smooth and natural interactions that feel truly immersive. This study explores how key design features like affordance, feedback, and challenge shape the way people experience VR across five popular applications. The findings show that engaging both the mind and body keeps users focused and involved, while realistic touch, pressure, and vibration make the virtual world feel more authentic. At the same time, we learned that giving users a sense of control and making sure their actions feel smooth and responsive are crucial for keeping them comfortable and present. Overall, this research highlights that creating great VR experiences depends on finding the right balance between immersion, ease of use, and realistic feedback. By understanding these elements, designers can make VR more intuitive, enjoyable, and truly engaging for everyone. Keywords: Virtual Reality, Immersive interaction Design, Human Computer Interaction
The Semiotic Analysis on the Inheritance of Chinese Cultural Symbols from Ne Zha Conquers the Dragon King (1979) to Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child (2019)
This paper takes Nezha Conquers the Dragon King in 1979 and Nezha: Birth of the Demon Child in 2019 as the research objects to explore the inheritance of Chinese cultural symbols in the field of animation. Through qualitative research, it is found that with the same story source, core elements such as the image of Nezha and his magic weapons construct the foundation of cultural inheritance.The spirit of resistance, as the spiritual connotation of cultural symbols, shows the continuations between traditional justice and modern struggle against fate in different eras.In terms of the application of traditional elements, Nezha Conquers the Dragon King adheres to the aesthetics of traditional painting, while Nezha: Birth of the Demon Child innovatively integrates traditional and modern technologies.This indicates that the inheritance of cultural symbols requires adhering to the core and adapting to the changes of the times. In the context of globalization, animation creators should draw on these experiences to promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese cultural symbols, and contribute to the dissemination of Chinese culture and the development of world cultural diversity. Keywords: Ne Zha , cultural symbols, inheritance,spirit of resistance,traditional elements
Penyiasatan Terhadap Penggunaan Bahan Kitar Semula Dalam Penghasilan Karya Oleh Pelukis Malaysia
ABSTRAK Pelukis Malaysia pada masa kini sering menggunakan bahan kitar semula dalam penghasilan karya seni visual. Tujuannya adalah untuk memberi kesedaran terhadap masyarakat akan kepentingan menjaga alam sekitar. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menyiasat pengkarya - pengkarya yang menggunakan bahan kitar semula dalam penghasilan karya. Melalui kajian ini, pengkaji dapat mengenalpasti bahan yang digunakan serta mengetahui fungsi bahan tersebut di dalam karya. Kaedah yang digunakan dalam penyiasatan karya ini adalah melalui kaedah pemerhatian, temubual, jurnal, buku, artikel dan sebagainya. Hasil dapatan daripada kajian ini mendapati, pengkaji telah menggunakan teori kritikan seni daripada Edmund Burke Feldman (1994) dalam penghuraian karya. Terdapat tiga karya yang terpilih dalam penyiasatan ini melalui tiga orang pengkarya di Malaysia. Kajian seperti ini wajar dilakukan bagi tujuan pendokumentasian untuk memberi kesedaran kepada masyarakat terhadap kepentingan menjaga alam sekitar. Oleh hal sedemikian, pengkarya telah menggunakan inisiatif ini sebagai medan dalam menghasilkan karya yang terdiri daripada bahan kitar semula. Diharapkan penghasilan karya seperti ini dapat diteruskan lagi oleh generasi akan datang bagi melestarikan bumi hijau. Kata kunci: Penyiasatan, Bahan Terpakai, Karya, Pelukis, Malaysia ABSTRACT Malaysian artists nowadays often use recycled materials in the production of visual artworks. The purpose is to make the community aware of the importance of protecting the environment. This study was conducted to investigate artists who use recycled materials in the production of their work. Through this study, the researcher can identify the materials used and know the function of the materials in the work. The methods used in the investigation of this work are observation, interviews, journals, books, articles, and so on. The findings from this study found that the researcher has used the theory of art criticism from Edmund Burke Feldman (1994) in the interpretation of the work. There are three works selected in this investigation by three artists in Malaysia. Studies like this should be done for documentation and to raise awareness among the community about the importance of protecting the environment. As such, artists have used this initiative as a field for producing works that consist of recycled materials. It is hoped that the production of works like this can be continued by future generations to preserve the green earth. Keywords: Investigation, Recycle Material, Artwork, Malaysian, Artist
Pendekatan Hermeneutik dalam Mentafsir Pengalaman: Aplikasi Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) dalam Kaedah Temubual
ABSTRAK Penyelidikan ini menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik sebagai kaedah tafsiran utama dalam Analisis Fenomenologi Interpretatif (Interpretative Phenomenological analysis- IPA), dengan memfokuskan kepada pengalaman (lived experience) lima orang peserta yang terlibat dalam amalan seni kontemporari di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Berasaskan hermeneutik fenomenalogi dari Martin Heidegger dan konsep lingkaran hermeneutik, penyelidikan ini menekankan proses reflektif antara bahagian (part) dan keseluruhan (whole), dalam memahami pengalaman peserta. Data yang diperoleh melalui temu bual separa berstruktur, disokong oleh pemerhatian peserta terhadap karya seni yang dipamerkan sebagai subjek kajian. Lima orang peserta iaitu empat lelaki dan seorang wanita telah dipilih berdasarkan penglibatan aktif dan pengalaman luas dalam bidang seni kontemporari. Kajian ini mengemukakan dapatan dari transkrip temu bual, yang dianalisa menggunakan pendekatan IPA. Dapatan kajian kemudiannya disokong dengan nota penerokaan (exploratory notes), dengan menggunakan perisian NVivo. Pernyataan pengalaman peserta disusun menjadi Tema Pengalaman Peribadi (personal Experiential Themes- PETS), yang kemudiannya dikelompokkan dalam Tema Pengalaman Berkumpulan (Group Experiential Themes- GETS), membolehkan pengkaji mengenal pasti pola emosi dan pemikiran yang ditafsir dengan pengalaman peserta dan pengkaji secara interpretatif. Tema-tema ini ditafsirkan secara hermeneutik, di mana pengkaji terlibat secara langsung dalam proses fenomenologikal tersebut. Selain itu juga, kajian ini menonjolkan sifat dua hala dalam hermeneutik IPA, iaitu kedua-dua peserta dan pengkaji sama-sama terlibat dalam membentuk makna dalam dapatan analisa. Keseluruhannya, kaedah temu bual terbukti berkesan dalam menjana naratif yang kaya dan mendalam, mengukuhkan nilai IPA dalam penyelidikan kualitatif. Kata Kunci: Analisis Fenomenologi Interpretatif, IPA, hermeneutik, temu ramah. ABSTRACT This research employs a hermeneutic approach as the primary method of interpretation in Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), focusing on the lived experiences of five participants involved in contemporary art practices in Malaysia and Indonesia. Based on Martin Heidegger’s hermeneutic phenomenology and the concept of the hermeneutic circle, the study emphasizes a reflective process between the parts and the whole in understanding the participants’ experiences. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, supported by participants’ observations of the exhibited artworks used as the study’s subject matter. Five participants- four men and one woman were selected based on their active involvement and extensive experience in the field of contemporary art. The findings were drawn from interview transcripts analysed using the IPA approach. These findings were then supported by exploratory notes using NVivo software. The participants' experiential statements were organized into Personal Experiential Themes (PETS), which were later grouped into Group Experiential Themes (GETS), enabling the researcher to identify patterns of emotion and thought, interpreted through both the participants’ and the researcher’s lived experience. These themes were interpreted hermeneutically, with the researcher directly engaging in the phenomenological process. Furthermore, the study highlights the dialogical nature of hermeneutic IPA, where both the participant and the researcher are actively involved in co-constructing meaning from the analysis. Overall, the interview method proved effective in generating rich and in-depth narratives, reinforcing the value of IPA in qualitative research. Keywords: Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, IPA, hermeneutic, interview.
Exploring Theological Elements In Contemporary Malay Rap: A Case Study Of Malique's Pejamkan Mata
This paper investigates the theological dimensions embedded within the lyrics of Malique's Pejamkan Mata, a contemporary Malay rap song. Integrating Islamic theology and literary analysis, the study examines how theological motifs reflect spiritual ontologies, epistemological sources, moral frameworks, and metaphysical objectives. Utilizing textual and thematic analysis, the paper uncovers how Malique crafts a nuanced theological narrative that critiques societal systems, affirms divine attributes, and inspires spiritual reflection through his lyrics. The results reveal that the song draws upon key Islamic values such as tawhid (divine unity), khalifah (vicegerency), Maqasid al-Shariah (objectives of Islamic law), and the Asma’ul Husna (beautiful names of Allah) that emerge through the theological concepts of ontological assumptions, epistemology, ethics, anthropology, teleology and normativity. These theological concepts serve to position the listener in a reflective engagement with spiritual realities, moral critique of power, and calls for individual and collective transformation. The study demonstrates how Pejamkan Mata, despite being situated in a secular cultural domain, can function as a powerful medium of spiritual communication and da’wah, particularly among younger and culturally attuned Muslim audiences especially in Malaysia’s context. Keywords: Islamic epistemology, Malay rap religious discourse, theological concepts
The Reimagining Learning Through Visual Expression: The Role of Doodling as a Pedagogical Tool in Fostering Creativity and Engagement in Educational Environments
In response to the evolving demands of 21st-century education, this study investigates the pedagogical potential of doodling as a transformative tool to enhance cognitive engagement, emotional expression, creativity, and inclusive learning. Traditionally dismissed as a distraction, doodling is reconsidered here as a multimodal strategy aligned with contemporary theories such as Constructivism, Dual Coding Theory, and Universal Design for Learning (UDL). Adopting a mixed-methods quasi-experimental design, this research compares the effects of doodling in experimental and control classroom settings, analysing outcomes through quantitative surveys, academic records, and qualitative interviews. Findings are expected to reveal that doodling significantly supports memory retention, emotional regulation, and creative problem-solving, especially in linguistically and culturally diverse classrooms. The study highlights inclusivity as a key moderating factor, amplifying the educational benefits of doodling for students with varied learning needs. Ultimately, the research advocates for the strategic integration of visual expression into curriculum design, reinforcing the importance of creative, inclusive, and student-centred pedagogies in enhancing both academic performance and holistic development. Keywords: doodling, multimodal learning theory, constructivism, inclusive pedagogy, cognitive engagement, emotional engagement, creative thinking, classroom inclusivity
Adat Bapukong Tradisi Masyarakat Banjar yang Berasaskan Syariat: Kajian di Negeri Perak Darul Ridzuan
ABSTRAK Adat Bapukong merupakan salah satu amalan tradisional unik dalam kalangan masyarakat Banjar yang berperanan dalam aspek penjagaan bayi selepas kelahiran. Amalan ini melibatkan proses membedung dan membuai bayi menggunakan kain batik atau pelikat dalam kedudukan duduk bagi menenangkan bayi yang mengalami ketidakselesaan seperti kembung perut, demam atau kegelisahan. Pelaksanaan adat ini disertai dengan bacaan selawat, doa serta berzanji, menjadikannya bukan sekadar ritual budaya bahkan juga mengandungi unsur kerohanian yang berteraskan nilai-nilai Islam. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi meneliti pelaksanaan adat Bapukong dalam kalangan masyarakat Banjar di Negeri Perak Darul Ridzuan serta menilai tahap kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip Syariah. Berdasarkan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kaedah temu bual dan pemerhatian lapangan, dapatan menunjukkan bahawa amalan ini bukan sahaja selari dengan maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah seperti penjagaan nyawa (ḥifẓ al-nafs) dan kesejahteraan sosial, bahkan berfungsi sebagai simbol identiti budaya yang masih terpelihara. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar adat Bapukong didokumentasikan secara sistematik dan diperkenalkan sebagai salah satu warisan budaya Islam tempatan yang relevan dengan prinsip keagamaan. Kata kunci: Adat Bapukong, masyarakat Banjar, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, penjagaan bayi, warisan budaya Islam. Abstract Bapukong is a unique traditional practice among the Banjar community particularly associated with postnatal infant care. This custom involves swaddling and cradling babies in a seated position using batik or sarong cloths with the aim of soothing discomforts such as bloating, mild fever, or general restlessness. The practice is commonly accompanied by the recitation of Islamic prayers, selawat (praises upon the Prophet) and berzanji, thus reflecting not only a cultural ritual but also spiritual elements rooted in Islamic values. This study explores the contemporary application of the Bapukong tradition among the Banjar community in the state of Perak, Malaysia and evaluates its alignment with Islamic legal principles. Using a qualitative methodology comprising field observations and semi-structured interviews, the findings indicate that Bapukong is consistent with the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah), particularly in safeguarding life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and social harmony. The practice also serves as a symbol of cultural identity that remains intact across generations. This study recommends systematic documentation of Bapukong as an element of local Islamic heritage that harmoniously integrates tradition and religious observance. Keywords: Bapukong tradition, Banjar community, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, infant care, Islamic cultural heritage.
The Digital Storytelling of Malaysian Traditional Games in Preserving Malay Heritage: A Systematic Review.
Traditional Malaysian games are a vital component of the nation's cultural heritage, reflecting identity, moral values, and communal practices. However, their relevance has declined due to the rise of modern digital entertainment and limited public awareness, especially among younger generations. This study examines the potential of digital storytelling (DST) as a medium for preserving and promoting traditional Malay games in a manner that resonates with contemporary audiences. It aims to explore the cultural value of these games and assess how DST, through visual and narrative-based formats, can support the promotion of Malay heritage. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 framework. Sixteen peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2024 were selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings revealed three key themes: (1) the cultural value of Malay traditional games (2) challenges in preserving traditional games and heritage, and (3) the role of digital storytelling in cultural promotion. Keywords: Digital Storytelling, Cultural Heritage, Malay Traditional Game.
Designing Therapeutic Waiting Areas: A New Media Framework for Reducing Stress in Healthcare Environments
Long waiting times in healthcare settings are correlated with increased patient anxiety and dissatisfaction. Prolonged wait time averaging is 40 minutes in primary care clinics. Despite improvements in healthcare design, the necessary furnishings to provide a relaxing and healing environment are still lacking in many waiting areas. This issue is addressed gap in this study through an exploration of the potential of interactive media, guided by Lev Manovich’s principles of new media, to transform waiting areas into spaces of relaxation and to enhance well-being and contribute to Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being). A novel framework is developed for the designing of interactive media installations that incorporate visual nature, natural sounds, and interactivity to enhance patient experiences and promote well-being by applying Lev Manovich’s new media principles of modularity, variability, automation, and transcoding to interactive media installations. A triangulated qualitative methodology is employed, wherein contextual relevance is explored through semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals (n=3), professional experts in new media (n=5), and patients (n=30), supplemented by document analysis of existing waiting area designs. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating natural elements and interactivity into media designs to create personalized, engaging patient experiences. The transformative potential of interactive media is highlighted in reducing stress, improving patient satisfaction, and fostering therapeutic environments aligning with SDG 3’s objective of ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages. Manovich’s principles are extended into healthcare design, bridging theory and practice, and a roadmap is offered for implementing innovative media designs in healthcare facilities. It is recommended that future research empirically test the framework, evaluate its long-term impacts, and explore scalability across diverse healthcare settings. Keywords: Waiting Areas, Lev Manovich, Interactive Media, Nature-Inspired Visual, Reducing Stress
An Analysis on 3D Modelling Technique in Virtual Reality for Hajj and Umrah Simulation
This study investigates the use of 3D modelling techniques in virtual reality (VR) simulations for Hajj and Umrah education. It focuses on how these techniques support realism, user interaction, and system performance. The research uses qualitative content analysis to study five VR platforms: HAJJI VR, Pilgrim VR, Labbaik VR, HAJJ, and Muslim 3D. The aim is to understand how 3D modelling is applied in VR religious learning and to identify which techniques are most used. The main problem addressed is the challenge of balancing high-quality visuals with the limited processing power of VR devices, which can reduce the effectiveness of the learning experience. The findings show that basic techniques like polygonal modelling, texturing, and real-time rendering are widely used, while more advanced methods—such as parametric modelling, physically based simulation, and mixed reality—are not applied. Techniques like procedural modelling and Level of Detail (LOD) are used only in some platforms, likely due to technical limitations. This paper recommends that future development should include AI tools to help optimise models and improve performance. It also suggests exploring scalable techniques like procedural modelling to improve realism without overloading system resources. These suggestions are based on observed gaps in current Virtual Reality systems and aim to improve the quality of religious learning through immersive simulations. Keywords: 3D Modelling Technique, Virtual Reality, Hajj and Umrah, Immersive Education
The Innovation Design of T raditional Chinese Auspicious Patterns Based on Shape Grammar
The artistic expression of traditional Chinese auspicious patterns in modern design is unique and charming, and it is intersecting more and more with modern design, and there is a lack of scientific methods to analyse traditional Chinese patterns from the perspective of Western composition. The objective of this study is to explore the translation path of traditional Chinese auspicious pattern design and realize its protection and reuse. The literature analysis method is mainly used to analyse the theme and cultural connotation of the pattern, the pattern and colour are extracted by using the mapping software, the pattern and colour factor library are constructed, and the shape grammar is used to evolve the pattern design. As a result, a new pattern design scheme is generated by using the law of formal beauty, and the feasibility and effectiveness of shape grammar in the innovative design of traditional patterns are demonstrated. Keywords: Design morphology, Gao Cheng Palace Noodle, Shape, Form 翻译 搜索 复制
Exploring the Usage of Visual Effect in Advertisment for Awareness Campaigns
This study exploring the use of visual effects (VFX) in awareness campaign advertisements through a content analysis approach. In today’s visually driven media environment, awareness campaigns increasingly rely on visual storytelling to convey critical messages effectively. On the other hand, nothing is known about the design and use of VFX elements in these advertisements, including narrative structure, green screen, compositing, colour grading, and typography. The objective of this study is to examine how these five elements of VFX are applied across different campaigns to construct meaning, emphasize key themes, and support emotional tone. This research uses qualitative content analysis as its methodological framework, focusing on ten selected awareness campaign videos. Each video was analyzed through word cloud generation, which helped visually identify and interpret frequently occurring terms associated with each VFX element. The findings reveal that narrative structure, color grading, and typography were consistently rated higher across the campaigns, suggesting that these elements are central to visual clarity and message reinforcement. In contrast, green screen and compositing were used more selectively, particularly in campaigns with more realistic or documentary-style approaches. The study concludes that while all five VFX elements contribute to the construction of visual meaning, those related to emotional tone and storytelling are more consistently integrated in awareness campaigns. Keywords: Adsvertisement, Social Media, Visual Ef ect (VFX).
Unsur Budaya dalam Karya ‘Perhubungan’ 1964 oleh Syed Ahmad Jamal
ABSTRAK Seni moden Malaysia berkembang pesat dengan pengaruh budaya tempatan dan antarabangsa, mencerminkan identiti serta perpaduan masyarakat berbilang kaum. Salah seorang seniman penting dalam perkembangan seni moden negara ialah Syed Ahmad Jamal, yang terkenal dengan karya-karya abstrak ekspresionisme ​(Sidik, 2013, 2020)​. Artikel ini membincangkan arca Perhubungan (1964), salah satu karya awal beliau dalam medium arca yang menampilkan konsep interaksi sosial dan hubungan manusia dalam perspektif budaya Malaysia. Arca ini bukan sekadar eksplorasi bentuk dan ruang tetapi juga membawa makna mendalam mengenai nilai perpaduan dan identiti kebangsaan. Unsur budaya dalam karya ini dapat dilihat melalui penggunaan bentuk abstrak yang bersilang dan bertaut, melambangkan interaksi sosial dalam masyarakat ​(Abidinhazir & Md Zain, 2014​). Selain itu, arca ini turut dipengaruhi oleh elemen seni Islam dan budaya Melayu, yang mengutamakan keseimbangan serta kesinambungan dalam seni visual ​(Musa & Ramli, 2014).​ Melalui pendekatan seni moden yang berakar pada nilai budaya Nusantara dan falsafah Islam, Syed Ahmad Jamal berjaya menggambarkan hubungan antara individu dan masyarakat. Perhubungan menjadi manifestasi visual terhadap aspirasi nasional dan semangat perpaduan dalam era pasca-kemerdekaan Malaysia. Karya ini bukan sahaja mencerminkan perkembangan seni arca moden di Malaysia tetapi juga berfungsi sebagai simbol nilai-nilai sosial yang masih relevan dalam konteks masa kini (​Ismail & Jusilin, 2020​; ​Sabri et al., 2019)​. Kata Kunci: Syed Ahmad Jamal, seni arca moden, budaya Malaysia, perpaduan, identiti kebangsaan ABSTRACT Malaysian modern art is growing rapidly with local and international cultural influences, reflecting the identity and unity of the multi-racial community. One of the important artists in the development of modern art in the country is Syed Ahmad Jamal, who is famous for his abstract expressionist artworks (Sidik, 2013, 2020). This article discusses the sculpture titled Relationship (Perhubungan) (1964), one of his early artworks in the medium of sculpture that features the concept of social interaction and human relationships in the perspective of Malaysian culture. This sculpture is not just an exploration of form and space but also carries a deep meaning about the value of unity and national identity. Cultural elements in this artwork can be seen through the use of abstract forms that intersect and link, symbolizing social interaction in society (Abidinhazir & Md Zain, 2014). In addition, this sculpture is also influenced by elements of Islamic art and Malay culture, which prioritize balance and continuity in visual art (Musa & Ramli, 2014). Through a modern art approach that is rooted in the cultural values ​​of the archipelago and Islamic philosophy, Syed Ahmad Jamal successfully depicts the relationship between individuals and society. Relationships become a visual manifestation of national aspirations and the spirit of unity in Malaysia's post-independence era. This artwork not only reflects the development of modern sculpture in Malaysia but also functions as a symbol of social values ​​that are still relevant in today's context (Ismail & Jusilin, 2020; Sabri et al., 2019). Keywords: Syed Ahmad Jamal, modern sculpture, Malaysian culture, unity, national identity
Art and Cultural Tourism for Sustainable Income: A Conceptual Framework for Senior Citizen Centres in Malaysia
This paper proposes a conceptual framework that fully integrates the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) and Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) as it examines just how art and cultural tourism initiatives are able to support senior citizen centres throughout Malaysia in order to generate sustainable income. The framework identifies five factors, which is Social Engagement, Economic Growth, Environmental Effects, Operational and Technology. In order to assess each of the positive effects that each factor has had on income sustainability, some hypotheses are developed. An inclusive mixed-methods approach is proposed, a combination of quantitative surveys and regression analysis with qualitative thematic interviews. The expected results is a replicable empowerment model to guide cultural tourism as practical income strategy for senior centres, carefully balancing financial viability, social well-being, as well as environmental stewardship. Keywords: Art Tourism, Economic Empowerment, Senior Citizen Centres, Sustainability, Conceptual Framework.
The Use of Gamification Strategies to Encourage User Engagement and Cloth Recycling Behaviour
This research investigates how gamification strategies can enhance user engagement and encourage cloth recycling behaviour in Malaysia. With textile waste reaching alarming levels at 432,901 metric tonnes recorded in 2021, there is an urgent need for creative and sustainable solutions. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates a systematic literature review with a quantitative survey conducted with 50 participants aged between 18 to 65. The results indicate a high level of awareness and previous involvement in cloth recycling, with significant barriers including limited access to recycling facilities and a lack of information about recycling activities. Respondents expressed a strong interest in gamified recycling initiatives, particularly in features such as points, rewards and community engagement. Incentives were identified as the most effective motivator, with 72% of participants saying they would be more inclined to recycle when rewards are offered. The research finding indicates that user-centric gamification systems that are well-designed can turn recycling into an engaging activity, bridging the gap between awareness and consistent action. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers, app developers, educators and advocates of sustainability who seek to encourage long-term recycling behaviours and support environmental goals. Keywords: Gamification, Cloth Recycling, User Engagement, Eco-Gamification, Behavioural Change
Woodcarving Motif and Significance in the Malay House of Perak
Woodcarving motifs in traditional Malay houses transcend mere ornamentation, serving as cultural signifiers that express identity, belief systems, and a deep connection with the natural environment. In Perak, the Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak (RLBP) exemplifies this tradition through intricately carved fascia boards, wall panels, ventilation screens, and door heads. This study examines the typology, symbolism, and cultural significance of these motifs through qualitative field research on six RLBP case studies selected for their authenticity and preservation of original carvings, using non-intrusive observation, high-resolution photography, and scaled drawings. Findings show that floral and lattice motifs dominate, often arranged in Awan Larat compositions that combine aesthetic refinement with symbolic meaning rooted in Islamic philosophy and Malay cultural values. The absence of figurative motifs reflects adherence to Islamic artistic principles, while the prominence of floral forms underscores the community’s reliance on and reverence for nature. Motifs are deliberately selected to convey auspiciousness, social standing, and spiritual reminders, linking craftsmanship to intangible cultural narratives. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by documenting and analysing a lesser-studied regional variation of Malay woodcarving, offering valuable reference material for heritage conservation, restoration projects, and the sustainable integration of traditional motifs into contemporary architecture. Keywords: woodcarving motif, decorative architectural components, Rumah Limas Bumbung Perak, awan larat motif, floral motif
A Conceptual Framework for Integrating Human-Centered AI in 2D Animation Education: The 2DTAP Model
The 2D animation course at higher education institutions demands students to acquire both technical and creative skills within a limited time frame. However, pre-production phases such as idea generation, scriptwriting, and visual development often consume up to 40% of the semester, thus reducing time available for mastering complex animation production techniques. This study introduces the 2D Animation Proposal Development Model (2DTAP), a pedagogical innovation that integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI) with a Human-Centred Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) framework. The model is designed to accelerate and simplify the pre-production process without compromising students’ creativity and autonomy. By emphasizing principles such as augmentation, human-centric design, transparency, and student control over AI tools, 2DTAP enables students to produce higher-quality, consistent, and industry-relevant project proposals. This paper critically discusses how 2DTAP strengthens project-based learning in animation through ethical, interactive, and adaptive strategies that foster creativity and reflective thinking. The findings of this study are expected to contribute toward the development of a more responsive animation curriculum aligned with the challenges of future digital creative education. Keywords: 2D Animation, Human-Centred AI, 2DTAP, Pre-Production, ChatGPT, Creative Education
Looking at the Depiction of Worldly Life in Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah’s Poetry: A Revealing Meaning Through Riffaterre’s Semiotics Analysis
This study aims to explore the meaning of worldly life in Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah's poem through Riffaterre's semiotic approach. This poem highlights the importance of understanding worldly life, a relevant theme amidst the relentless pressures of worldly life. To deepen the understanding of the meaning and significance of this poem, Riffaterre's semiotic approach is used, which emphasizes intertextuality and interpretation of the text as a dynamic process. This approach involves four main aspects: discontinuity of expression, heuristic and hermeneutic reading methods, the concept of matrix, model, and variant, and the formation of hypograms. Primary data comes from the text of Ibn Al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah's poem, and secondary data comes from related books and scientific articles. Data analysis follows the perspective of Miles and Huberman, including data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study show that Ibn Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah describes worldly life in his poetry compositions with various images, including images of the world perishing like someone dreaming in the arms of a lover, clouds that will disappear if exposed to sunlight, and food that is very delicious and attractive but disgusting. Then he explained that there is nothing more despicable than the humiliation of the world for people who devote themselves to the interests of the world, where this world is like the wings of a mosquito, which are very small and weak. He describes how strange it is for humans to live in the world, as strange as humans who live nomadic lives, and he longs to return to their hometown happily to achieve victory, namely the paradise they long for. Understanding the description of worldly life in the poetry of Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah, how people are deceived by it, and how they should behave in facing worldly life is not only limited to providing knowledge but will also be an antidote to various life pressures. Keywords: Life Pressure, Poetry of Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah, Worldly Life’s Depiction, Riffaterre's Semiotics, Directions in Dealing with Worldly Life.
A Study on Components of Interactive Projection Mapping to Enhance Youth Engagement with Kuda Kepang in Malaysia
Recognizing the declining interest among youth generations and the risk of cultural erosion, the research explored how immersive technologies can preserve intangible heritage. This study analysed the components of interactive projection mapping as a strategy to enhance youth engagement with Kuda Kepang in Malaysia. Kuda Kepang, a traditional Javanese dance with deep spiritual and cultural roots, has seen waning participation in modern times, particularly among youth audiences more attuned to digital forms of entertainment. Employing a qualitative content analysis approach, the study analysed six culturally themed interactive projection mapping works, focusing on four key components which are object, content, interaction, and environment. These elements were critically examined to understand how they influence user engagement, cultural resonance, and experiential impact. The findings revealed that dynamic visuals projected onto three-dimensional objects, combined with real-time audience interaction and carefully curated environments, significantly increase immersion, enjoyment, and emotional connection among youth. By transforming passive cultural presentations into participatory experiences, interactive projection mapping bridged the gap between tradition and contemporary digital expectations. The study concluded that integrating these components offers a promising pathway for sustaining and preserving Kuda Kepang, fostering deeper appreciation and ongoing preservation of Malaysia’s cultural identity among future generations. Keywords: Kuda Kepang, Interactive Projection Mapping, Immersive Experience
Enhancing Art Gallery Visibility and Public Engagement Through Strategic Outreach Programs in Klang Valley
Art galleries are one of the important institutions in preserving and promoting the various local artworks. The Klang Valley area is an area that is a site for the development of art activities and programs, such as art exhibitions and art activities to foster art awareness in the community. However, in recent years, galleries in the Klang Valley have faced several challenges including the public engagement in art gallery. This study was conducted to explore how strategic outreach programs can increase the visibility and public engagement of art galleries. The main objective of this study is to identify how outreach programs can enhance public engagement and visibility of art galleries in the Klang Valley. This study uses a qualitative method that includes observation and interviews with experts, while secondary data was obtained from library research. The New Museology Theory will be use in this study that focuses on community engagement. The findings of this study are that outreach programs can enhance public engagement. The study also benefits art galleries, arts and cultural agencies, government and non-government bodies (NGOs) and the local community. This study is important to understand how outreach programs can enhance visibility and public engagement of art galleries in the Klang Valley. Keywords: Art gallery, outreach programs, Klang Valley, public engagement
The Components of 3D Virtual Environment Design in Immersive Virtual Reality for Cultural Heritage Preservation
This study examines the use of 3D virtual environment design components in immersive Virtual Reality (VR) applications for cultural heritage preservation. As intangible cultural heritage faces challenges from modernisation and declining public interest, particularly among younger generations, immersive VR offers an opportunity to present cultural narratives in engaging and interactive ways. This research aims to identify the key components of 3D environment design used in cultural heritage VR and analyse their implementation across existing projects. A qualitative content analysis approach was applied, using a structured 5-point rating scale to evaluate seven (7) immersive VR heritage projects. The evaluation framework included components such as terrain, structures, props, lighting, atmosphere, storytelling, interactivity, and sound design. The results show that storytelling and architectural structures scored highest in consistency and cultural impact, while props and object interaction were less effectively utilised. This suggests that while many VR heritage applications succeed in visual and narrative immersion, they often lack depth in interactivity and functional realism. The study concludes that 3D design frameworks, when carefully implemented, can significantly enhance user engagement and cultural authenticity in immersive heritage experiences. These findings provide design insights for VR developers and cultural institutions aiming to create more meaningful, interactive, and preservation-focused virtual environments. Keywords: 3D Virtual Environment, Immersive Virtual Reality, Cultural Heritage Preservation
Dynamic Collaboration Between Artist and Culture: Interactive Art Applied in Wat Bujang Sugi Folklore As a New Dimension
In this research, the researcher explores the dynamic collaboration in between artist and folklore especially focusing on the interactive art that applied in the context of Wat Bujang Sugi folklore. By Wat Bujang Sugi folklore, the researcher will explore and delve on how artists can use arts as a new dimension art that combine between artist and folklore. This can help the audience understand more about the folklore and engage the audience in a unique and immersive way. Through this research, the researcher will highlight the potential interactive art as a medium for preserving and revitalizing folklore as tradition as well as expending the possibilities. This research will using qualitative methods such as interviews and observations to gather data. The insight from artists, folklore experts and audience members involved in the interactive in art project of Wat Bujang Sugi folklore. The objective of the research is to document the process and the outcomes in the collaborative arts by analysing the impact on preserving a promoting folklore, the tradition and culture as well as the artistic innovation with the audience. Keywords: Interactive Art, Iban Culture, Wat Bujang Sugi Folklore, New Dimension Art, Artist
Comparative Study on Sustainable Living Campaign for Malaysia by using Motion Graphics
Malaysia is currently facing a serious environmental issue caused by the increasing volume of household waste. This problem stems not only from infrastructural challenges but also from public behaviour and a general lack of awareness about the environmental impact of daily consumption habits. Although the government and NGOs have launched various initiatives like “No Plastic Bag Day” and green campaigns, public participation remains low. This study explores how motion graphics can be used to promote sustainable living and influence positive behavioural change. By comparing ten video campaigns from Malaysia with ten from Japan, the research examines how visual elements such as typography, imagery, animation, and sound are used to convey environmental messages. Using qualitative content analysis, the study finds that Malaysian campaigns tend to prefer clean, sans-serif fonts, 2D animation, and consistent left-aligned text, often accompanied by background music to enhance emotional connection. Japanese campaigns, on the other hand, show a more diverse approach in their use of text alignment and a balanced mix of real and illustrated visuals. The results suggest that motion graphics can effectively increase audience engagement and message retention, especially among younger viewers. The study concludes that well-designed visual campaigns have the potential to shape public perception and encourage more sustainable practices at the household level. It also highlights the need for future research into interactive and participatory media to deepen environmental education. Keywords: Sustainable Living, Video Campaign in Malaysia, Using motion graphics in Malaysia
Exploring Teaware Design Strategies: A Sensibility Theory and SEM Analysis
This paper employs structural equation modelling (SEM) to quantitatively analyse users as the research subjects in the current design of Chinese tea ware, which faces issues such as severe appearance homogenization and a lack of cultural connotation. Based on this, we integrate sensibility theory into tea ware design to arouse deep emotional resonance between users and the unique cultural attributes of tea ware. This integration aims to realize a new tea-drinking experience. Several issues related to the characteristics of tea ware contribute to establishing a hierarchical framework for tea wares. Taking the inheritance of tea-drinking culture, the reshaping of the tea-drinking experience, and the satisfaction of users' emotional needs as the starting point, quantitative methods have been employed to emphasize objective measurements and the statistical analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires, or computational techniques (e.g., analysing pre-existing statistical data). The results highlight the influence of users' sensibility and emotional identity on design feedback and strategies throughout the process from selecting tea wares to tea drinking. The study further suggests that "to optimize the outcomes, cultural identity should be integrated with users' emotional identity, and factors influencing the design strategy should be deeply examined within the context of tea culture." However, limitations exist due to the reliance on quantitative methods. Keywords：Design Strategy; Sensibility Theory; Structural Equation Modelling (SEM); Tea Ware
Design Deficiencies in Campus Communal Spaces: Barriers to Student Interaction and Well-being
Communal spaces in Malaysian public universities play a vital role in fostering social interaction, informal learning, relaxation, and a strong sense of belonging among students. This study aimed to assess students' perceptions of design deficiencies in communal spaces and their impact on the campus experience across selected UiTM campuses in Malaysia. A total of 110 respondents from Universiti Teknologi MARA Perak, Kedah, Pulau Pinang, and Puncak Alam participated in the research. Data was collected through a survey questionnaire distributed via Google Form, allowing students to express their views on the quality and usability of communal spaces within their campuses. The results indicate that the majority of students recognize the importance of well-designed communal spaces. This underscores the urgent need for improvements in campus communal space design to better support student engagement and enhance the overall campus environment. The study contributes to the discourse on campus planning by emphasizing the need for intentional, inclusive, and identity-driven communal environments. It offers practical insights for architects, planners, and university administrators to strengthen place identity, student belonging, and institutional character in higher education settings. Keywords: Communal Space, Design Deficiencies, Students Perceptions, Public Universities
Systematic Literature Review On Infographic Adaptation And Acceptance Factors In Facilitating Teaching And Learning Across Higher Education And Medical Fields
ABSTRACT Infographics are visual representations of information designed for rapid understanding at a glance. As powerful stimulators of visual communication, infographics have gained significant popularity among educators in higher education and medical fields. The creation of engaging teaching and learning materials has become increasingly critical, yet systematic reviews focused on infographic acceptance and adaptation remain scarce. This study conducts a comprehensive systematic literature review adhering to the ROSES protocol (RepOrting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses), selecting studies from Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. A total of 19 empirical studies were included in the final synthesis. A thematic analysis revealed four main themes: (1) Clarity and Efficiency in Information Delivery; (2) Enhancing Comprehensibility; (3) Development of Visual Literacy Competencies; and (4) Promotion of Active Teaching and Learning Practices. The findings highlight the essential role of infographics in enhancing comprehension, promoting engagement, and facilitating the rapid transfer of knowledge, particularly in health-related education. This paper contributes meaningful insights into the role of infographics in teaching and learning while identifying key areas for future research and curriculum development. Keywords: Infographics, Higher Education, Visual Literacy, Medical Education, Systematic Literature Review
Increasing Entertainment Among Customer in A Restaurant Through Board Game Design
This study aims to explore the effectiveness of integrating board games as a form of entertainment to enhance customer experience in restaurant settings. The research is grounded in evolving consumer behavior, which increasingly values social and interactive dining experiences. Employing a mixed methods approach, quantitative data were collected through customer surveys, while qualitative insights were gathered via semi-structured interviews with restaurant owners and selected patrons. The findings indicate that the use of board games can positively influence customer satisfaction, extend the duration of their stay, and increase the likelihood of repeat visits. The study recommends that restaurant owners consider incorporating interactive entertainment elements as part of their marketing and customer engagement strategies. The implications of this research contribute to the development of more engaging dining experiences and inclusive spatial design within the food and beverage industry. Keyword: Customer Entertainment, Board Games, Dining Experience, Interactive Design, Restaurant Industry
Context-Aware Service Design in Digital Museums: Toward Personalized Visitor Experiences
As an emerging service model, contextualized services have drawn significant attention both domestically and internationally, particularly in areas such as context modelling, system frameworks, and context-aware recommendation systems. Meanwhile, museums are evolving into vital platforms for fulfilling growing cultural and experiential demands. To adapt to the digital era, future museums must integrate contextualized services, which go beyond traditional user experience by enhancing the quality and personalization of museum environments and services. This article synthesizes existing research to clarify key concepts and examines the need for contextualized services from the perspectives of users, museums, and knowledge. It outlines the construction of a context-awareness model based on context data collection, computation, modelling, and evaluation. A user-centred service framework is proposed, comprising modules such as context awareness, resource integration, technical infrastructure, and scenario-based service delivery. The study also addresses current challenges in implementing contextualized services and suggests targeted solutions. Ultimately, it proposes strategies for enhancing museum scene construction to deliver deeper, more immersive visitor experiences. Keywords: context-awareness, individualized service, recommended service, digitalized museum, scene-based service.
Emote, Buy, Enjoy: Mapping the Intensity of Emotions for Virtual Skins with Plutchik's Wheel
The abstract (approximately 150 to 250 words) should briefly describe the background, methods, results and conclusions of your research. It should be written in a single paragraph using single line spacing, Virtual skin significantly influences players' engagement and purchasing decisions in the constantly evolving mobile gaming landscape. This study explores the emotional intensity that virtual skin in PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG) Mobile evokes. It uses Plutchik's Wheel of Emotion to measure these responses and their influence on players' purchasing intentions and visual enjoyment. A quantitative survey was implemented to gather data from 204 participants and use statistical analysis to show the frequency of emotion intensity appearing towards the virtual skin elements. The Emotion Wheel visually categorises human emotions by intensity and similarity. Helping individuals describe their feelings improves self-awareness and emotional management. In addition, its vast emotional vocabulary makes communicating sentiments and comprehending others simpler. Close emotions are similar, whereas opposed emotions are more contrasted. In order to map the emotions of the participants in this study, only one polar opposite emotion—the intensity of Disgust to Trust—was examined. This research suggests that virtual skin can evoke diverse emotions, including Trust and Disgust, through elements such as colour, style, uniqueness, texture, and theme. These emotional responses substantially determine a player's acceptance or rejection of a virtual skin. Furthermore, a significant correlation exists between the intensity of these emotions, the level of visual enjoyment the user experiences, and their intent to purchase. The study underscores the importance of emotive design in virtual items, highlighting its potential to enhance user experience and loyalty by catering to aesthetic preferences and emotional connections. These insights offer developers valuable guidance for optimising virtual skin to increase players’ engagement and retention. Times New Roman, 11pt, italic, justify and A4 format. Do not include reference citations in the abstract. Keywords: Emote, virtual skin, Plutchik's Wheel Emotion.
Walking The Line Between HCD And SCBT: Marine Waste-Art
ABSTRACT The rising threat of marine waste, particularly plastic, presents a significant environmental, social, and economic crisis for coastal communities and tourism sectors. Despite a variety of regulatory efforts, workable long term solutions have remained elusive. This paper introduces a new framework that merges Human Centered Design (HCD) with Sustainable Community-Based Tourism (SCBT) to address these complex challenges. By employing the empathy, definition, ideation, prototyping, testing, and implementation stages of HCD alongside SCBT’s triple focus on economic, environmental and social sustainability, this approach offers a well rounded, community driven framework. A synergy table illustrates how HCD principles align with SCBT objectives, offering strategies to transform marine waste into community assets such as Waste-Art. This integration underscores how local strategies can promote environmental stewardship, economic growth, and community engagement as a comprehensive solution to marine waste.
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Hyper-Local Branding of Perak Cuisine: A Conceptual Framework through Stuart Hall’s Encoding/Decoding Model
This conceptual paper examines the potential of hyper-local branding to preserve and promote Perak's culinary heritage through the lens of Stuart Hall’s Encoding/Decoding Model. Hyper-local branding foreground’s regional identity, cultural narratives, and authenticity in local cuisine, yet the growing influence of globalization, homogenization of taste, and the commodification of food culture pose significant threats to sustaining culinary distinctiveness. The problem addressed in this study is the lack of a systematic framework that connects semiotics, cultural identity, and branding in the Malaysian food context, particularly for under-represented cuisines such as those from Perak. While previous research has examined food tourism, authenticity, and cultural preservation, there remains a research gap in integrating communication theory—specifically Hall’s model—into the study of hyper-local branding practices. This paper contributes novelty by proposing a conceptual framework that reconceptualizes cuisine as a cultural text encoded by producers and decoded by diverse audiences. Methodologically, the paper adopts a conceptual and theoretical framework development approach, synthesizing insights from semiotics, gastronomy, and communication theory. By explicitly addressing the research gap in applying Hall’s Encoding/Decoding Model to hyper-local branding, the study develops propositions that can guide future empirical testing. The framework links literature on food heritage, flexible visual identity, and semiotics with audience reception studies, positioning it as a bridge between cultural theory and branding practice. By addressing the decoding of local cuisine branding, this paper advances the discussion beyond static notions of authenticity toward a more dynamic, dialogical understanding of branding as cultural negotiation. Implications extend to gastronomic tourism, heritage preservation, and branding practices, offering both theoretical and practical pathways for sustaining Perak’s culinary identity in the face of global cultural convergence. Keywords: hyper-local branding, Perak cuisine, encoding/decoding model, semiotics, food heritage, Malaysia
A Survey of Public Preferences on Patterns of Terengganu Batik for Digital Exhibitions
Batik is one of Malaysia’s most valued cultural heritages, yet public engagement particularly with regional variations such as Terengganu Batik remains limited. Despite its artistic significance, modern audiences often overlook its traditional value due to limited exposure, changing design preferences, and underutilisation of digital presentation methods. This study aimed to explore public preferences toward Terengganu Batik patterns and their potential to be showcased through digital exhibitions that incorporate interactive and immersive elements. A quantitative approach was adopted through an online questionnaire, distributed to Malaysian respondents aged 18 years old and above. The survey collected data on Batik familiarity, motif and color preferences, and interest in digital exhibition formats. A total of 121 valid responses were gathered, exceeding the recommended sample size based on Cohen’s sample size table. Findings revealed that while most participants were familiar with Batik in general, fewer recognised the uniqueness of Terengganu Batik. Respondents preferred floral patterns and pastel tones and expressed strong interest in digital exhibition features such as storytelling, ambient sound, and interactive projections. The study concluded that aligning Batik design with public preferences and presenting it through immersive digital formats may enhance cultural appreciation and ensure its continued relevance. Keywords: Terengganu Batik, Digital Exhibitions, Batik Pattern
The Art of Knowledge Sharing Towards Construction Project Success
The construction industry plays a central role in Malaysia’s development but continues to face persistent challenges such as delays, cost overruns, and inefficiencies, many of which are linked to fragmented knowledge management. This study addresses the first objective of a broader research project: to identify the knowledge sharing (KS) practices employed in construction projects, with a focus on Grade 7 contractors in Selangor. Drawing on literature and empirical evidence, eight KS practices were examined, including face-to-face interaction, formal practices, meetings, learning support, project briefings, phone calls, lessons learnt from previous projects, and ICT tools. A quantitative survey design was applied, yielding 270 valid responses from project managers, engineers, and site personnel. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, with reliability and normality testing confirming robustness. The findings reveal that meetings, face-to-face interactions, and lessons learnt from past projects are the most dominant KS practices, while learning support and phone calls are less frequently utilised. ICT tools were moderately adopted, reflecting gradual digitalisation within the sector. Overall, the results demonstrate that KS in Malaysian construction is predominantly interpersonal and experiential, with digital mechanisms serving as complementary supports. These insights provide empirical confirmation of the hybrid nature of KS, blending formal and informal practices to sustain collaboration in complex project environments. The study concludes that institutionalising a balanced mix of these approaches is critical for improving project outcomes and enhancing the overall competitiveness of the Malaysian construction industry. Keywords: Knowledge sharing, Construction industry, Project management, Malaysia, contractors
The Study of Motion Graphic Elements in Promotional Video for Tourism Industry
New digital media has changed how tourism destinations are promoted. It allows for more personal, direct, and engaging ways to connect with travellers. However, many traditional tourisms promotional video rely on outdated style and making it hard to truly capture the uniqueness of tourism spots. This study explores the use of motion graphic elements in promotional videos within the tourism industry, with a focus on growing ecotourism sector. This research employs a qualitative method employed content analysis of six selected tourism promotional videos and this study includes another resource to identify and examine the presence of key motion graphic elements in promotional video, including type 2D and 3D, timing, colour schemes, typography, iconography, and sound. The findings reveal that sound, calming colour schemes and secondary pattern are the most consistently used elements, indicating their importance in maintaining viewer engagement. Tourism promotional video stands out as the most visually dynamic video, incorporating all motion graphic components, and minimal approach. The study concludes that motion graphics significantly enhance the storytelling and promotional quality of tourism promotional videos, and that the strategic use of these elements can improve message retention to keep audiences engaged in today’s fast-moving, visually driven world. These findings highlight the future digital marketing efforts within the tourism sector, especially in promoting sustainable and eco-friendly travel experiences that match audience preferences. Keywords: Motion Graphic Elements, Promotional Video, Tourism Industry.
A Case Study of Animated Book Cover for Publisher in Malaysia
The evolution of new technology is changing the consumer perspective of Malaysia’s audience, including the book industry. More digital bookstores are popping up, while physical stores are declining as preferences change along with the evolution of technology. This study examines the components used in designing animated book covers, using a content analysis of ten (10) samples of digitally illustrated book covers from several publications. The aim is to understand the components of book cover design and how motion was implemented in the animated book cover. The findings showed that the most common element of book covers to be animate is cover art illustration. Results revealed the pattern of visual components animated in book cover design and suggested guidelines to aid publishers in Malaysia. Keywords: Animated Book Covers, Digital Devices, Illustrated Book Cover, Motion Graphic, Publisher
Exploring The Role of Typography in Documentary Videos: A Case Study on Mineral Resources
This study explores the capabilities of typography to enhance communication and audience engagement in documentary videos, specifically regarding education content on mineral resources. The stimulus comes from the growing contribution of visual communication towards effective presentation of complex environmental information. Although it is widely applied in multimedia, typographic design's contribution to learning and memory of messages delivered via video-based learning has not been exhaustively researched. This research addresses the deficiency of typographic design rules in documentary settings, particularly for scientific and environmental content. Using a qualitative content analysis method, the paper investigates five documentary clips on YouTube that utilize motion and animated typography. Each cut was analysed for typographic aspects such as font, size, colour, alignment, and motion effects with particular focus on how they contribute to the clarity of the message, visual sequence, and understanding by the audience. The findings were recorded systematically in screenshots and coding matrices. The results indicate that thoughtful typographic design, especially through aligned planning and motion effects can significantly enhance viewer understanding and recall. This means typography is not merely a stylistic component but also a functional one in effective educational media. The findings encourage more systematic, context-dependent applications of typography in motion graphics and suggest future research in interdisciplinary visual communication methods. Keywords: Typography, Documentary Videos, Mineral Resources, Fonts, Motion Effects
Psychology And Art: Exploring Drawing As Of Interaction Counter-Reaction & Self Healing To Traumatic Experience
This study was conducted to examine an interesting and innovative approach to understanding and healing from traumatic experiences. By combining the expressive and introspective nature of art with psychological insights and techniques, individuals can explore arts as way of interacting, counter-reacting to the trauma they have experienced. The data has been collected via online as the workshop has been held in 5Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University Gujranwala, Lahore Pakistan. The result of the study has the potential to provide an interesting path through where the two disciplines are combined in the healing process between psychology and art. Both disciplines may help in healing in the face of trauma experience. Keywords: Psychology Drawing, Art Therapy, Counter Reaction, Self-Healing, Traumatic
Interpretasi Simbolik Naratif Pengalaman Peribadi dalam Seni Visual: Kajian Karya Issarezal Ismail dalam Siri Pameran “Thank You for the Lessons You Have Taught Me”
ABSTRAK Karya seni sering diinspirasikan daripada pengalaman peribadi yang memberikan makna mendalam terhadap ekspresi visual pelukis. Pengalaman yang merangkumi aspek emosi, peristiwa kehidupan, dan pemerhatian terhadap persekitaran sering kali diterjemahkan oleh pelukis ke dalam bentuk karya seni yang berperanan sebagai medium penyampaian pelbagai naratif serta membuka ruang kepada pelbagai bentuk tafsiran. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menerangkan tanda serta simbol yang terdapat dalam enam karya dari pameran solo bertajuk Thank You for The Lessons You Have Taught Me, yang dihasilkan oleh Issarezal Ismail pada tahun 2023. Pendekatan kajian ini bersifat kualitatif, dengan fokus kepada penjelasan deskriptif dan holistik. Data dikumpulkan melalui temu bual, pemerhatian, dan analisis dokumen untuk mengkaji karya seni. Satu kerangka konseptual telah dibangunkan berdasarkan konsep-konsep yang relevan untuk menganalisis simbol pengalaman peribadi dalam karya-karya Issarezal Ismail. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahawa karya-karya Issarezal Ismail mengandungi simbol-simbol yang mengangkat pengalaman hidup sebagai medan refleksi diri, yang digarap secara mendalam dan disampaikan melalui visual yang sarat dengan simbolisme. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa proses kreatif memerlukan ketahanan mental dan emosi serta mencerminkan interaksi kompleks antara individu dan bidang seni. Kata Kunci: Interpretasi, simbolik, karya seni, pengalaman, Issarezal Ismail ABSTRACT Artworks are often inspired by personal experiences that give profound meaning to an artist’s visual expression. These experiences, which include emotional aspects, life events, and observations of the environment, are frequently translated by the artist into artworks that serve as a medium for conveying various narratives and allowing space for multiple interpretations. This study aims to analyze and interpret the signs and symbols found in six artworks from the solo exhibition titled Thank You for the Lessons You Have Taught Me, produced by Issarezal Ismail in 2023. The study adopts a qualitative approach, focusing on descriptive and holistic explanations. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis to examine the artworks. A conceptual framework was developed based on relevant concepts to analyze the symbolism of personal experiences in Issarezal Ismail's artwork. The results of the analysis show that Issarezal Ismail's artworks contain symbols that frame life experiences as a medium for self-reflection, thoughtfully developed and conveyed through visuals rich in symbolism. This study also found that the creative process requires mental and emotional resilience and reflects the complex interaction between the individual and the field of art. Keywords: Interpretation, symbolic, artwork, experience, Issarezal Ismail
A Analysis of Design Elements on Soda Drink Packaging In Influencing Youth Consumer Purchase Decision
The development of the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector shows a high upward trend and is growing rapidly. There are many brands of products for this sector in the market and it creates a great competition. Young generations are seen as target consumers who contribute to this sector. Packaging design is one of the important elements that contribute to an effective marketing strategy. Therefore, this study which focuses on soda drinks was conducted to analyze what elements of design are most effective in influencing the decision of young consumers in the decision to buy soda drinks. The data was collected using content analysis and questionnaire surveys. The analysis shows that youth consumers are very influenced with the elements of design that are used for the design of cans or bottles of soda drinks. The color and imagery are two important elements that influence the decision of youth consumers to purchase soda drinks. The result of this study provides important insight to soda drink product brands concerning the need to adopt appropriate elements of design for their packaging designs that target young consumers. Keywords: Packaging, Element of Design, Youth Purchase Behavior
The Semiotic Analysis On The Inheritance Of Chinese Cultural Symbols From Ne Zha Conquers The Dragon King (1979) To Ne Zha: Birth Of The Demon Child ( 2019)
This paper takes Nezha Conquers the Dragon King in 1979 and Nezha: Birth of the Demon Child in 2019 as the research objects to explore the inheritance of Chinese cultural symbols in the field of animation. Through qualitative research, it is found that with the same story source, core elements such as the image of Nezha and his magic weapons construct the foundation of cultural inheritance.The spirit of resistance, as the spiritual connotation of cultural symbols, shows the continuations between traditional justice and modern struggle against fate in different eras.In terms of the application of traditional elements, Nezha Conquers the Dragon King adheres to the aesthetics of traditional painting, while Nezha: Birth of the Demon Child innovatively integrates traditional and modern technologies.This indicates that the inheritance of cultural symbols requires adhering to the core and adapting to the changes of the times. In the context of globalization, animation creators should draw on these experiences to promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese cultural symbols, and contribute to the dissemination of Chinese culture and the development of world cultural diversity. Keywords: Nezha , cultural symbols, inheritance,spirit of resistance,traditional elements
Transformasi Digital dalam Komunikasi Organisasi: Peranan Canva dalam Menyokong Tugasan Visual Staf UiTM
The Canva Application Course, organised by the Infostructure Division of UiTM Cawangan Kedah on 23 April 2025, aimed to enhance digital design skills among academic and administrative staff. Conducted as a hands-on session over seven hours, the course focused on producing visual materials such as posters, presentation slides, animations, and QR code generation using Canva. A total of 32 participants attended, with 28 written feedback responses collected. This study analyses the impact of Canva usage on the professionalism of daily tasks and identifies challenges faced by participants in adopting the platform. Findings reveal that Canva enhances the quality of visual presentations and facilitates the preparation of official communication materials in a more structured, creative, and engaging manner. Participants expressed high interest in continuing with an advanced series of the course. However, participants noted challenges such as limited access to advanced features, unstable internet connectivity, and the absence of standardised design templates. Recommended improvements include the provision of intermediate-level modules, development of official organisational templates, and the creation of microlearning resources such as short video tutorials. This analysis demonstrates that Canva holds great potential as an effective work support tool in improving digital competency and visual communication among staff in higher education institutions. Similar training programmes should be continued to strengthen professional development and digital readiness across departments. Keywords: Canva, Visual Communication, Professionalism, Visual Design Tool
Empowering Nagari Through Diaspora: The Collective Capital of Minangkabau Migrant Organisations
This article analyzes the role of Minangkabau diaspora organisations as collective actors in empowering nagari (indigenous villages) in West Sumatra. The deeply rooted merantau (outmigration) tradition in Minangkabau culture has fostered expansive social and cultural networks that have evolved into institutionalised diaspora organisations. Employing a qualitative case study approach, this research draws on in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis of organisations such as IKSP, PKDP, and S3. Findings reveal that these organisations maintain strong institutional frameworks and efficiently manage collective capital, encompassing social, cultural, and economic resources. This capital is mobilised through participatory and transparent development programs rooted in musyawarah nagari (local deliberative councils), focusing on infrastructure, education, productive economy, and cultural preservation. The programs reflect not only community-driven development but are also deeply informed by Minangkabau customary values and Islamic principles. The study concludes that Minangkabau diaspora organisations serve as strategic transnational actors in local development. Their contributions extend beyond financial remittances to embody social piety and collective agency. The article offers a theoretical contribution to diaspora-led development discourse, highlighting the relevance of institutionalised gotong royong (mutual cooperation) within localised governance systems. Keywords: Minangkabau, diaspora, migrant.
Ancaman Penyebaran Berita Palsu Kepada Perpaduan Rakyat Berbilang Kaum di Malaysia: Satu Kajian Awal
ABSTRAK Kajian ini membincangkan mengenai ancaman penyebaran berita palsu terhadap perpaduan rakyat berbilang kaum di Malaysia. Berita palsu, atau yang dikenali sebagai "fake news," telah menjadi isu yang semakin mendalam dalam era globalisasi dan perkembangan teknologi maklumat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidik dan menganalisis ancaman yang dihadapi oleh rakyat berbilang kaum di Malaysia akibat penyebaran berita palsu. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif iaitu kaedah penyelidikan perpustakaan dan analisis kandungan bagi mengkaji penulisan terdahulu, seterusnya menganalisis faktor berlakunya penyebaran berita palsu, kesan terhadap perpaduan rakyat dan langkah bagi mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa penyebaran berita palsu boleh memberi kesan serius terhadap perpaduan rakyat di negara ini. Kesan ini termasuk peningkatan ketegangan antara kaum, kurangnya kepercayaan dalam kalangan masyarakat, dan penyebaran pandangan prejudis. Oleh itu, salah satu cadangan penulis memberi tumpuan kepada keperluan mengukuhkan ilmu literasi media di kalangan rakyat Malaysia sebagai satu pendekatan untuk mengekang ancaman penyebaran berita palsu. Dalam usaha membangunkan perpaduan yang kukuh, kerjasama antara pihak berkuasa, industri media, dan masyarakat awam amat penting bagi menangani isu ini. Kata Kunci: Berita palsu; Literasi media; Media; Perpaduan kaum; Pendidikan ABSTRACT This study discusses the threat of fake news dissemination to the unity of Malaysia's multiracial society. Fake news has become an increasingly pressing issue in the era of globalization and the advancement of information technology. The objective of this study is to investigate and analyze the threats faced by Malaysia's multiracial population due to the spread of fake news. A qualitative approach is employed, using library research and content analysis methods to examine previous writings. The study analyzes the factors contributing to the spread of fake news, its effects on national unity, and strategies to address the problem. The findings indicate that the spread of fake news can have serious repercussions on national unity. These effects include heightened racial tensions, erosion of trust within society, and the spread of prejudiced views. Therefore, one of the recommendations emphasizes the need to strengthen media literacy among Malaysians as an approach to curb the threat of fake news. In the effort to build strong national unity, cooperation between authorities, the media industry, and the public is crucial in tackling this issue. Keywords: Fake News; Media Literacy; Media; Racial Unity; Education
The Effectiveness of Digital Board Advertising Along MRT Railway Lines in Kuala Lumpur: A Conceptual Study on Motorist Engagement
Digital Out-of-Home (DOOH) advertising has become a dominant medium in urban environments, particularly when integrated with public infrastructure such as Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) systems. In Kuala Lumpur, digital boards mounted along MRT railway lines and stations are prominently visible to motorists on major roads and highways. These boards aim to capture the attention of thousands of drivers and passengers each day. This conceptual study examines the effectiveness of such advertising from the perspective of road users rather than commuters. It investigates how visibility, message clarity, motion design, environmental distractions, and travel conditions impact brand recall, perception, and behavioral influence. A conceptual framework is proposed to guide future empirical research and inform advertising strategy aimed at motorist audiences in urban transit corridors. Keywords: Advertising, Mass Rapid Transit, Digital Board, Commuters, Motorist
The Representation of Female Figures Illustrations in Eid Al-Fitr Money Packet in Malaysia
This study investigates the representation of female figures in the illustration of Eid Al-Fitr money packets (duit raya money packets) in Malaysia, with a focus on visual expression, cultural symbolism, and gendered narratives embedded within the designs. While traditionally functioning as festive envelopes for monetary gifting, Eid Al-Fitr money packets also serve as visual artifacts that reflect prevailing social values and ideological shifts. Through a qualitative methodology combining visual content analysis and semiotic analysis, this research examines selected Eid Al-Fitr money packets produced in Malaysia over the past decade. Particular attention is given to the portrayal of femininity through visual cues such as attire, posture, facial expressions and contextual environments. The findings reveal an observable transition from conventional and conservative depictions often characterized by traditional clothing and domestic settings to more diverse, modern, and empowered representations of women. This shift suggests a reconfiguration of gender norms and cultural expectations within the context of contemporary Malaysian society. The study argues that the evolution of Eid Al-Fitr money packets illustrations not only reflect changing aesthetic trends but also functions as a visual commentary on broader societal transformations concerning gender roles. Ultimately, the paper positions Eid Al-Fitr money packets design as a culturally significant medium through which gendered identities are communicated, negotiated and reimagined. Keywords: Eid Al-Fitr Money Packet, Malaysian Culture, Female Figure, Illustration, Gender Representation
The Relationship Between Family Involvement And The Degree Of Self-Regulated Learning Among Students Of Communicative Malay Literature
The study seeks to examine the relationship between familial involvement and the degree of self-regulated learning among sixth form students enrolled in the Communicative Malay Literature course. The research employed a quantitative approach through a survey using a validated and reliable questionnaire instrument, as assessed by specialists. The Self-Regulation Level (SRL) of students was evaluated with a questionnaire adapted from the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Meanwhile, familial influence pertinent to involvement was measured using the Parental Authority Questionnaire and the Perception of Parents Scales (POPS). A total of 100 respondents of the study who are Sixth Form students enrolled in a Malay Literature course at school. Descriptive analysis, inference, and correlation were employed to test the research questions utilizing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version 25.0 software. The findings of this study showed a significant correlation between self-regulated learning (SRL) and parental participation. Family participation consists of a number of aspects–collaborative involvement, educational approach, and learning environment–that influence the degree of student self-regulated learning. This study is grounded in Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Social Ecology (1979, 1986), which examines two fundamental layers of relationships between individuals and students: the microsystem and the mesosystem. Families may cultivate students who are more proficient and capable of making autonomous judgments. This study demonstrates that parental influence on self-regulation learning extends beyond elementary education to include higher education, specifically in the sixth form.
Analysing the Effectiveness of Visual Aids for Learning in Kuala Lumpur Bird Park
This study explored the effectiveness of visual aids in enhancing learning experiences at the Bird Education Centre in Kuala Lumpur Bird Park, an informal educational setting aimed at promoting bird conservation awareness. The research focuses on visual learning tools such as egg incubator display, educational illustrated wall, data table, and documentary video, and how these tools influence visitor understanding, engagement, and retention. A quantitative research method was used, and data were collected through a structured survey questionnaire involving 55 visitors of varying demographic backgrounds. The results showed that visual materials such as data tables and illustrated walls were rated as the most engaging and helpful in supporting bird education. However, documentary videos were found to be the least preferred, which contrasts with previous research emphasizing the role of documentaries in wildlife education. The study also revealed that gender and age groups slightly influenced preferences and learning engagement, with female and younger visitors showing higher interaction levels with visual aids. Overall, the findings suggest that well-designed, accessible visual materials significantly improve visitor learning in nature-based environments. These insights may benefit educators, exhibit designers, and park planners in developing more effective and engaging educational tools for environmental awareness. Keywords: Visual Aids, Visual learning, Birdlife education, Educational nature park, Learning engagement.
Analysing the Multi-sensory Elements of Immersive Experience for Art Exhibitions in Southeast Asia
This study explores how multi-sensory elements—sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell—enhance visitor engagement and interactivity in immersive art exhibitions across Southeast Asia. As immersive technologies like Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Augmented Reality (AR) become more common in artistic spaces, understanding the role of the senses in shaping user experience is increasingly important. Through a content analysis, this research analyses selected exhibitions to evaluate the extent and effectiveness of sensory integration. The findings reveal that VR and MR offer the highest levels of immersion, allowing participants to engage deeply with digital and hybrid environments. Extended Reality (XR) also creates strong interactive experiences, while AR is often more limited in its immersive impact due to its focus on visual overlays. Among the sensory elements, sight, sound, and touch are the most employed, contributing significantly to users’ sense of presence and engagement. In contrast, taste and smell remain underutilized due to technological and logistical challenges, despite their potential to enhance emotional and memory-based connections with the artwork. The insights from this research offer valuable guidance for future developments in immersive art, suggesting that the thoughtful integration of all five senses can deepen audience engagement and create more memorable, meaningful experiences. Keywords: Multi-sensory Elements, Immersive Experience, Art Exhibitions, Southeast Asia
Analyzing Design Components in Mix media Cultural Preservation Documentary culminating in Word cloud
In today’s digital world, keeping cultural heritage alive needs more than just traditional documentary styles. With fast changes in technology and the strong pull of digital media, many young people don’t realize they are slowly losing touch with their cultural roots. They often follow global trends and live in a digital lifestyle that makes traditional values and practices feel far away. This journal looks at ten mixed media cultural documentaries and focuses on the design components used like the elements of design, photography, images, video, animation, sound, and typography. The goal is to see how these tools can help make cultural stories feel more real, interesting, and easier to understand for the younger generation. The findings show that when these mixed media elements are combined well, they can improve storytelling and help people connect better with what they see. However, helping youth understand and appreciate culture is not simple. It takes more than just good visuals it also needs smart ideas, content that feels close to their daily lives, and something they can feel emotionally. Mixed media has a lot of potential to do this, but it must be done with care, so the message reaches young people in a way that truly matters. Keywords: Design component1, Mix media2, Culture preservation documentary3
Design Morphology in Brand Logo Development: A Case Study of Gao Cheng Palace Noodle
This study explores the role of design morphology in innovating brand logo design, with a focus on "Gao Cheng Palace Noodle" as a cultural case study. Using the principles of "form" and "state" within design morphology, the research applies morphological analysis to deconstruct and reassemble visual and symbolic elements rooted in traditional Chinese culture. The methodology involves extracting cultural motifs, analysing morphological dimensions, and synthesizing them into a unified graphic-text logo design. Findings indicate that design morphology enhances the creativity and cultural expressiveness of brand logos, especially in combining typographic and symbolic elements. This research demonstrates how traditional visual languages can be revitalized through a morphological design framework, offering a practical model for culturally embedded branding strategies and contributing to the evolving discourse on cultural identity in visual communication. Keywords: Design morphology, Gao Cheng Palace Noodle, Brand Logo, Cultural Symbolism
New Methods in Teaching and Learning to Produce Artworks Through Cross-Disciplinary Approach Using Creativity Theory
The integration of cross-disciplinary knowledge among art students is a new approach in the learning and teaching process. The field of art encompasses various aspects of life that meet the needs of psychology, sociology, and anthropology, playing an important role in meeting the historical needs of human artistic development. This study aims to encourage students to understand the function of interdisciplinary knowledge in the implementation of their art project research. Interpretation becomes more focused and meaningful with the application of various theories and models that are interconnected in a study. Art students need to apply generic skills such as creativity, innovation, and critical thinking to generate new ideas in the production of art products. However, traditional learning and teaching methods are less effective in meeting the needs of interdisciplinary knowledge in the context of art education. Students often face difficulties in generating new ideas that are creative and innovative. The absence of an approach that combines cross-disciplinary knowledge causes the learning process to be unsystematic, less structured, and less focused. This situation hinders students' efforts to achieve their full potential in creating artwork. This study aims to determine new methods in teaching art through a cross-disciplinary approach that can be applied in the production of student artwork, as well as analyse its impact on increasing innovation, skills, and the contribution of new ideas in art projects. This study uses a qualitative approach with an action research design. Data were collected through direct observation throughout the learning process to monitor the progress of the project. In addition, visual and written documentation was obtained from project assignment plans, idea development, critique sessions, consultations, and presentations. Most of the data for this study was collected at the Faculty of Art and Design, UiTM Machang. The findings of the study showed that a cross-disciplinary approach to art teaching can increase student innovation and creativity. Students successfully integrated concepts and techniques from various disciplines to produce more complex, relevant, and competitive artwork. In addition, this approach also strengthens students' problem-solving skills and sparks new innovative ideas. The results of this study introduce a new model based on a more specific and systematic cross-disciplinary approach to improve students' problem-solving abilities and produce a generation of creative and innovative people in art learning. Keywords: Teaching and Learning, Cross-Disciplinary, Artwork, Creativity Theory
Determining Suitable Emoji Designs for Awareness Posters Among Teenagers
Emojis are small digital graphics or icons used as visual representations of emotions, ideas, or concepts in electronic communication. Originating from Japanese mobile technology in the late 1990s, emojis have evolved into a globally recognized visual language that enhances textual communication by conveying tone, emotional context, and non-verbal cues. In the context of awareness poster design, emojis function as effective tools to attract attention, engage viewers, and reinforce the intended message. Therefore, this study aims to identify appropriate emoji designs that can persuade users and sustain their interest in reading the content of an awareness poster. A quantitative research methodology is employed, whereby questionnaires are distributed to respondents to collect feedback. Six emoji designs, featuring various styles such as colored line, vector, line and shadow, 3D, and realistic formats, were selected for evaluation. To determine which designs resonated most effectively on an emotional level, these emojis were tested with 32 primarily university students, who provided valuable insights into the visuals that elicited the most positive reactions Keywords: Emoji, Poster, Awareness, Teenager
Kepemimpinan Ibu Soko Berdasarkan Kerangka Dasar Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Islam dalam Pentadbiran
ABSTRAK Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kepemimpinan Ibu Soko berdasarkan kerangka konsep Dasar Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Islam dalam Pentadbiran yang diperkenalkan oleh kerajaan pada tahun 1985. Sebagai ketua wanita dalam masyarakat Adat Perpatih, Ibu Soko memainkan peranan yang besar dalam mensejahterakan dan mengharmonikan masyarakat. Dasar ini bertujuan untuk memasukkan unsur Islam dalam pentadbiran dan kehidupan rakyat Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti nilai-nilai Islam dalam kepemimpinan Ibu Soko sebagai pemimpin wanita dalam pentadbiran masayarakat Adat Perpatih. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah temu bual. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kesemua 11 nilai yang terdapat dalam dasar penerapan nilai-nilai Islam dalam pentadbiran yang diperkenalkan oleh kerajaan telah diamalkan dan diguna pakai oleh Ibu Soko dalam pentadbiran mereka sebagai pemimpin wanita dalam masyarakat. Hal ini membuktikan bahawa dalam pentadbiran Ibu Soko telah wujud nilai-nilai Islam sejak lama dahulu. Sebagai pemimpin, Ibu Soko memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk masyarakat yang harmoni, adil dan sejahtera dengan menanamkan nilai-nilai Islam dalam setiap aspek pentadbiran. Kesimpulannya, kepemimpinan yang menerapkan nilai Islam dapat membina sebuah pentadbiran yang bukan sahaja efisien, tetapi mampu membawa kepada keadilan sosial, kejujuran, kebajikan masyarakat, keamanan dan keselamatan serta pembangunan seimbang. Secara tidak langsung dapat menjadi contoh dalam melahirkan pemimpin yang berwibawa serta membawa kesejahteraan kepada rakyat dan generasi akan datang. Kata Kunci: Dasar Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Islam dalam Pentadbiran, Kepemimpinan Ibu Soko, Nilai Islam ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the leadership of Ibu Soko based on the conceptual framework of the Policy on the Application of Islamic Values in Administration, introduced by the Malaysian government in 1985. As a female leader in the Adat Perpatih community, Ibu Soko plays a significant role in promoting the well-being and harmony of society. This policy seeks to incorporate Islamic principles into governance and the lives of Malaysians. The objective of this study is to identify the Islamic values present in the leadership of Ibu Soko as a female leader within the Adat Perpatih community administration. This study employs an interview method. The findings indicate that all 11 values outlined in the policy on the application of Islamic values in administration introduced by the government have been practiced and adopted by Ibu Soko in their leadership roles. This proves that Islamic values have long been embedded in the leadership practices of Ibu Soko. As leaders, they play a vital role in shaping a harmonious, just, and prosperous society by instilling Islamic values in all aspects of governance. In conclusion, leadership that incorporates Islamic values can build an administration that is not only efficient but also promotes social justice, honesty, community welfare, peace and security, and balanced development. Indirectly, this can serve as a model in producing capable leaders who bring well-being to the people and future generations. Keywords: Policy on the Application of Islamic Values in Administration, Ibu Soko Leadership, Islamic Values